Peak Injustice

Peak Injustice Figures and Tables
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Book Cover

Book Cover: The cover is red and black, as is traditional. A little green could have been added, maybe in a future edition.

Figure 1.1

1.1 Approval ratings for leading politicians in the UK, April–June 2023

Figure 1.2

1.2 Annual house price change by region in the UK, year to Q3 2019

Figure 1.3

1.3 Income inequality 1910–2019, UK

Figure 1.4

1.4 The Brexit Way, a walk around southern England mostly in Brexit-land

Figure 1.5

1.5 Migration of voters from 2017 to 2019, by 2016 referendum choice

Figure 1.6

1.6 Disaggregation of the population of the UK in 2019, by age and vote

Figure 1.7

1.7 Areas of high and low poverty in four significant seats in the 2019 general election

Figure 1.8

1.8 Areas where Labour, the Conservatives, the Liberal Democrats and the Greens do best

Figure 1.9

1.9 The 2019 political map of the UK, drawn by the House of Commons

Figure 1.10

1.10 Liz Truss brought her plans to the Commons on Thursday

Figure 1.11

1.11 Net satisfaction rating of British prime ministers, 1997–2024 (%)

Figure 1.12

1.12 IPPR estimates of the Truss/Kwarteng budget effects, had it been implemented

Figure 1.13

1.13 John Robert Clynes (1869–1949), leader of the Labour Party (1921–22)

Figure 1.14

1.14 Political polarisation, 1920–2017

Figure 1.15

1.15 Edward, then Prince of Wales, visits mining families in County Durham in 1929

Figure 1.16

1.16 UK income inequality 1910–2019

Figure 1.17

1.17 Economic policies of almost all political parties in the world compared, left to right

Figure 2.1

2.1 A worthwhile life, satisfaction, happiness and anxiety, UK, 2011–21

Figure 2.2

2.2 Take of the 1 per cent in 1983 and later versus life expectancy in 2015, in 19 countries and all US states

Figure 2.3

2.3 State spending as a proportion of GDP, 12 rich countries 2002–20 (%)

Figure 2.4

2.4 Proportion of people walking or cycling as their main means of travel

Figure 2.5

2.5 The rise in mortality in England and Wales in the first 16 weeks of 2018

Figure 2.6

2.6 Neonatal mortality rates, EU countries, 1990–2015

Figure 2.7

2.7 The human geography of the EU referendum vote, 2016

Figure 2.8

2.8 Decile of deprivation and the 2016 EU referendum, England

Figure 2.9

2.9 Local health outcomes predict Trumpward swings, 19 November 2016

Figure 2.10

2.10 Weekly mortality and influenza-like illnesses, England and Wales, 1999–2016

Figure 2.11

2.11 The amount of money people had to live on in the UK in May 2020

Figure 2.12

2.12 1950s, girl on a carousel ride at a fairground, England, UK

Figure 2.13

2.13 Average levels of happiness and inequality for all countries with data, 2023

Figure 2.14

2.14 The worst squeeze on pay for over 200 years

Figure 2.15

2.15 Fairness Foundation survey of 2,052 people in the UK: 22–23 March 2023

Figure 2.16

2.16 A majority of people with incomes of £150,000+ don’t worry much about others

Figure 2.17

2.17 Cumulative real-terms pay changes for FE staff relative to 2010–11, 2007–23

Figure 2.18

2.18 Numbers of days lost per year due to strikes in Britain, 1892–2022

Figure 3.1

3.1 Sleeping rough in Scotland and seeking assistance, April 2002 to March 2020

Figure 3.2

3.2 Sleeping rough in England as counted on a single night in autumn, 2010–20

Figure 3.3

3.3 Grenfell Tower, Notting Dale, Kensington during the 14 June 2017 fire

Figure 3.4

3.4 Neighbourhoods in Kensington coloured by their poverty rate, 2015

Figure 3.5

3.5 The child in the window: health and housing, a lasting relationship

Figure 3.6

3.6 Signatories to the Joint Ministerial Foreword to Command Paper 713

Figure 3.7

3.7 Proportion experiencing homeless per 10,000 people, 2023 or latest year

Figure 3.8

3.8 State spending as a proportion of GDP, 12 rich countries 2002–20 (%)

Figure 3.9

3.9 England, sized by the numbers of people accused of riot in 2011

Figure 3.10

3.10 Ireland: public expenditure as a proportion (%) of GDP, 2001–22

Figure 3.11

3.11 Economic inequality and the maths ability of young adults up to age 24, 2012

Figure 3.12

3.12 One of the two Cutteslowe walls dividing streets in Oxford from 1934 to 1959

Figure 3.13

3.13 Public spending in the UK as a share of GDP (%), 1980–2019, projected to 2026

Figure 3.14

3.14 Public spending in the five most populous European countries as share of GDP (%), 1980–2019, projected to 2026

Figure 3.15

3.15 Public spending in 14 affluent European countries as share of GDP (%), 1980–2019, projected to 2026

Figure 3.16

3.16 Nationwide Building Society UK house price series 1973–2021 (£s, nominal scale)

Figure 3.17

3.17 Median inheritance as a percentage of lifetime net income (excluding inheritance)

Figure 3.18

3.18 Nationwide Building Society UK house price series 1973–2021 (£s, log scale)

Figure 3.19

3.19 The ranking of rich countries by their levels of income inequality in 2022

Figure 3.20

3.20 Take of the 1 per cent in 1983 and later versus life expectancy in 2015, in 19 countries and all US states

Figure 3.21

3.21 Inequality and infant mortality, 19 affluent countries and all US states

Figure 3.22

3.22 Boris Johnson displaying his ‘top cornflake’ thinking-deeply face

Figure 4.1

4.1 Logo of the Second International Congress of Eugenics, 1921

Figure 4.2

4.2 Social and educational mobility and income inequality, early 2000s

Figure 4.3

4.3 Adults objecting to having an Asian or West Indian in-law, UK 1983–2013 (%)

Figure 4.4

4.4 Banner of the East Bradford Socialist Sunday School, Fred Liles, 1914

Figure 4.5

4.5 The global population has doubled in the past 47 years

Figure 4.6

4.6 UN world population estimates and projections published in 2011

Figure 4.7

4.7 UN and alternative change-in-change estimates and projections published in 2011

Figure 4.8

4.8 Alternative world population estimates and projections published in 2011

Figure 4.9

4.9 UN world population estimates and projections published in 2011 and 2022

Figure 4.10

4.10 UN and alternative change-in-change estimates and projections, 2011 and 2022

Figure 4.11

4.11 Alternative world population estimates and projections published in 2011 and 2022

Figure 5.1

5.1 The average height of five-year-old boys in four affluent states, 1990–2020

Figure 5.2

5.2 Press image, blue-eyed blonde-haired girl modelling child poverty, 2023

Figure 5.3

5.3 The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund 2023 Report

Figure 5.4

5.4 England split into five areas by 2016 immigration rate (% in the year)

Figure 5.5

5.5 Voters who voted Leave in 2016, by 2016 immigration rate, England (%)

Figure 5.6

5.6 Increase in death rates 2016–18, by 2016 immigration rate, England (%)

Figure 5.7

5.7 Women’s rise in life expectancy per year in weeks, 2010–16, affluent countries

Figure 5.8

5.8 Men’s rise in life expectancy per year in weeks, 2010–16, affluent countries

Figure 5.9

5.9 The first four revisions of official UK life expectancy projections, 2012–20

Figure 5.10

5.10 How spending on health has slowed down in the UK, 1955–2022

Figure 5.11

5.11 Levels of patient satisfaction with the NHS in Great Britain, 1993–2018

Figure 5.12

5.12 The geographical distribution of the 40 new hospitals promised for England

Figure 5.13

5.13 UK ranking in international life expectancy league tables, 1950–2021

Figure 5.14

5.14 International life expectancy rankings, countries of the G7, 1950–2021

Figure 5.15

5.15 Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul: the ‘nerve centre of the Ottoman Empire’

Figure 6.1

6.1 Income inequality in the UK 2002–22, before and after housing costs

Figure 6.2

6.2 Distribution of UK household disposable income, financial year ending 2020

Figure 6.3

6.3 Child poverty in Scotland 1994–2022, before and after housing costs

Figure 6.4

6.4 Child poverty in Scotland, by type of household and family, 2019–22

Figure 6.5

6.5 The sunlit uplands, a view near one of Rishi Sunak’s many homes

Figure 6.6

6.6 The Herengracht Index (the Dutch house-price index of Amsterdam), 1620s to 1970s

Figure 6.7

6.7 The spires, homes, windows and walls – Oxford, by Isabella Lill, 2020

Figure 6.8

6.8 The colleges of Oxford and the streets and rivers of the city around the year 1756

Figure 6.9

6.9 View of Oxford from Shotover Hill in flood-time, when the water was over the bank

Figure 6.10

6.10 State-school undergraduates admitted to the University of Oxford, 1927–2018 (%)

Figure 6.11

6.11 City Council suggestions for where those working in Oxford might live, 2019

Figure 6.12

6.12 The rivers, canal, roads, lakes and buildings of Oxford, 1939–45 and 2013

Figure 6.13

6.13 Finland topped UN’s World Happiness Report again: a Helsinki view

Figure 6.14

6.14 The happiest and most stable countries in the world, 2016–19

Figure 6.15

6.15 Trust in journalism, 2015–16, leading countries – the net trust index rankings

Figure 7.1

7.1 Deaths per week by age due to the pandemic, wave 1 in England and Wales

Table 1

Table 1 The voters’ verdict: Question 11 in the Lord Ashcroft Poll of late June 2019 (%)

Table 2

Table 2 The voters’ verdict: Question 12 in the Lord Ashcroft Poll of late June 2019

Table 3

Table 3 Voter preferences, UK general election 2019, by party and social class

Table 4

Table 4 The housing news on Tuesday, 1 June 2021

Table 5

Table 5 Children awarded A level grades or equivalent by ‘ability’ and school type, Avon (%)

Table 6

Table 6 UN projections for future global population